Discussing Issues

Japanese Basic Conversation 4

Chapter 11 ยท Discussing Issues: Agreeing, Disagreeing & Making Your Case

๐Ÿ’ฌ Discussing Issues โ€” ใŽใ‚ใ‚“

In meetings, clubs and with friends you will need to say "I agree", "I'm not sure", or "I see it differently", and to do it without causing offence. This chapter teaches ใ€œใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ("maybe, perhaps"), ใ€œใ‘ใฉ / ใ€œใŒ ("but, though") and the polite ways Japanese speakers disagree. There is no romaji except in the vocabulary table. Each dialog is followed by a Words note with English meanings.

โ‘  Agreeing โ€” ใ•ใ‚“ใ›ใ„

A: I'd like to change the meeting to the morning.
B: I agree. I'm busy in the afternoon.
C: I think that's fine too.
A: Then it's settled.
C: Yes, my opinion is exactly the same.
B: Then let's do 9 o'clock tomorrow.
Words: ใ•ใ‚“ใ›ใ„ agreement ยท ใธใ‚“ใ“ใ†ใ—ใพใ™ change ยท ใใพใ‚Š settled ยท ใ„ใ‘ใ‚“ opinion ยท ใพใฃใŸใ completely

โ‘ก Disagreeing Politely โ€” ใฏใ‚“ใŸใ„

A: Let's go ahead with this plan.
B: I see. But there are some parts that worry me...
A: For example?
B: We might not have enough time.
A: You're right, indeed.
B: Shall we think about other methods too?
Words: ใ‘ใ„ใ‹ใ plan ยท ใ™ใ™ใ‚ใพใ™ advance, go ahead ยท ใตใ‚ใ‚“ worry ยท ใŸใจใˆใฐ for example ยท ใŸใ—ใ‹ใซ indeed ยท ใปใ†ใปใ† method

โ‘ข Not Sure โ€” ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„

A: Do you think it will rain tomorrow?
B: It might, but I'm not sure.
A: Shall we take umbrellas?
B: Yes. It might not rain, but let's take them.
A: It'd be a problem if it did.
B: Right. Let's be on the safe side.
Words: ใ€œใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ maybe ยท ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ if by chance ยท ใ“ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ be in trouble ยท ใ‚ˆใ†ใ˜ใ‚“ใ—ใพใ™ take care

โ‘ฃ Making Your Case โ€” ใ„ใ‘ใ‚“ใ‚’ ใ„ใ†

A: I think commuting by train is better.
B: Why?
A: There are two reasons. First, it's cheap. Second, it's fast.
B: It's fast, but the crowding is the problem.
A: If we shift our times, it might be less crowded.
B: That's a good idea.
Words: ใ‚Šใ‚†ใ† reason ยท ใพใš / ใคใŽใซ first / next ยท ใ‚‚ใ‚“ใ ใ„ problem ยท ใ“ใฟใพใ™ be crowded ยท ใ™ใใพใ™ be empty ยท ใšใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ shift

โ‘ค Agreeing in Part โ€” ใ„ใกใถ ใ•ใ‚“ใ›ใ„

A: I think the office rules should be changed.
B: I agree in part, but all of it is a bit much...
A: Which part are you dissatisfied with?
B: That there are too many meetings.
A: In that case I have the same opinion.
B: Then let's put our case together.
Words: ใ„ใกใถ in part ยท ใœใ‚“ใถ all ยท ใตใพใ‚“ dissatisfaction ยท ใ‹ใ„ใŽ meeting ยท ใ—ใ‚…ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใพใ™ assert, argue

โ‘ฅ Between Friends (casual) โ€” ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใจ

A: How about ramen for dinner tonight?
B: Hmm, not bad, but I ate it yesterday too.
A: I see. Then curry?
B: Good! Let's go with that.
Words: ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ hmm ยท ใ‚ใ‚‹ใใชใ„ not bad ยท ใใฃใ‹ I see (casual) ยท ใ€œใซ ใ—ใ‚ˆใ† let's choose

๐Ÿ”‘ Key Phrases โ€” ใ ใ„ใ˜ใช ใฒใ‚‡ใ†ใ’ใ‚“

EnglishPoliteCasual
I agree.
I think so too.
I see it a little differently.
You may be right, butโ€ฆ
I'm not sure.
Let's think about it.

๐Ÿ”ค Three Verbs โ€” ใฉใ†ใ—

VerbPolitePlainใชใ„-formใฆ-form
to think (G2)
to be in trouble (G1)
to agree (irregular ใ™ใ‚‹-verb)

๐Ÿงฐ Grammar Tools โ€” ใถใ‚“ใฝใ†

1. ใ€œใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“: maybe

Plain form + ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ says something is possible but not certain. With a noun or ใช-adjective, drop ใ : "it might be rain tomorrow"; "he may be kind". Verbs and ใ„-adjectives keep their plain form: , . The casual form is ใ€œใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„, often shortened to ใ€œใ‹ใ‚‚.

KindExampleMeaning
verbwe may not have enough time
ใ„-adjectivethat bag may be expensive
ใช-adjective / nounI might be free tomorrow
casualI might be late

2. ใ€œใ‘ใฉ / ใ€œใŒ: but, though

Both join two ideas with a contrast. ใ€œใŒ is polite; ใ€œใ‘ใฉ is casual and also a polite softener, because a sentence that ends in ใ‘ใฉ leaves room for the other person: "I think it's good, but..." Use them to introduce your disagreement gently: .

LevelFormExample
politeใ€œใงใ™ใŒ / ใ€œใพใ™ใŒ
everyday politeใ€œใงใ™ใ‘ใฉ
casualใ€œใ‘ใฉ
trailing offใ€œใ‘ใฉโ€ฆ

3. Disagreeing politely

Japanese discussion usually softens a "no". A common order is: acknowledge (ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉ / ใŸใ—ใ‹ใซ), soften (ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจโ€ฆ), reason (ใ€œใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“), suggest (ใ€œใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹).

Too directSofter
That's wrong.
I oppose it.
No good.
Watch out: ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ is weaker than you think ใ€œใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ means maybe 30โ€“50%, not "probably". For "probably" use ใ€œใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† or ใ€œใจ ใŠใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™. Do not say ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ about something you actually know for sure.

๐Ÿ“ฐ Reading โ€” ใ‚ˆใฟใ‚‚ใฎ

Read the text with kanji (readings in brackets). If it's too hard, open the kana-only version below it. Then answer the true/false questions.

ไผš่ญฐ(ใ‹ใ„ใŽ)ใง

Show the kana-only version

English: At last week's meeting, the section chief suggested "From next month let's all gather at 9 every morning." I said, "That's fine, but it's rush hour on the trains, so some people may be late." The chief said "That's true" and thought for a moment. Then my colleague Tanaka-san said, "How about 10 o'clock?" Everyone agreed and 10 o'clock was settled. I learned that when opinions differ, explaining your reason and offering another idea is better than opposing plainly.

Words: ใ‹ใกใ‚‡ใ† section chief ยท ใฆใ„ใ‚ใ‚“ proposal ยท ใฉใ†ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ† colleague ยท ใ›ใคใ‚ใ„ explanation ยท ใ‚ใ‚“ proposal, idea

1. The chief proposed meeting at 9 every morning.

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True: ๆฏŽๆœ ไนๆ™‚ใซ.

2. The writer flatly said "No".

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False: they said it was fine but gave a reason with ใ€œใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.

3. A colleague suggested 10 o'clock.

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True: ๅๆ™‚ใชใ‚‰ ใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹.

4. They finally settled on 9 o'clock.

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False: 10 o'clock was settled.

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary โ€” ใ”ใ„

20 key words for discussion. This table is the only place with romaji: use the Say it column.

#JapaneseSay itEnglishType
1ikenopinionnoun
2sanseiagreementnoun
3hantaioppositionnoun
4mondaiproblemnoun
5riyลซreasonnoun
6keikakuplannoun
7teianproposalnoun
8kaigimeetingnoun
9dลryลcolleaguenoun
10hลhลmethodnoun
11kangaemasuthinkverb
12sansei shimasuagreeverb
13hantai shimasuopposeverb
14setsumei shimasuexplainverb
15komarimasube in troubleverb
16tashika niindeed, certainlyphrase
17tatoebafor examplephrase
18kamoshiremasenmaybephrase
19fuanworry, uneaseใช-adj
20onajisameใช-adj
Real Japanese Tip โ€” Reading the Air Japanese discussion often avoids a flat "no". Phrases like ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจโ€ฆ, ใ‚€ใšใ‹ใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ and ใ‹ใ‚“ใŒใˆใฆ ใŠใใพใ™ ("I'll think about it") can all mean a polite no. Listen for hesitation and softening as well as the literal words, and use the same gentleness yourself when you disagree.
Real Japanese Tip โ€” Giving Reasons A clear structure makes a case convincing: ใ‚Šใ‚†ใ†ใฏ ใตใŸใค ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใšโ€ฆใคใŽใซโ€ฆ ("There are two reasons. Firstโ€ฆ Nextโ€ฆ"). Even in short meetings, giving a reason first and the proposal second is more persuasive than only stating a demand.
Kanji Spotlight โ€” ๅˆ† and ๅŠ ๅˆ† (fun, bun, wakaru) means "minute" and "part", and is in ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ (ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‹, understand) and ใ˜ใถใ‚“ (่‡ชๅˆ†, oneself). ๅŠ (han, nakaba) means "half", as in ไนๆ™‚ๅŠ (half past nine). Have a look: ๅˆ† โ–ธ ยท ๅŠ โ–ธ

โœ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ€” ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†

Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.

1. Say "It might rain tomorrow."

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2. Say "He may be at home" (ใ‹ใ‚Œ, ใ„ใˆ).

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3. Politely disagree: "I see your point, but I think it's a bit difficult."

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4. Make it casual: ใŠใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.

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5. Give two reasons for your view using ใพใš and ใคใŽใซ.

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Free answer. Example:

6. A colleague says ใ‹ใ‚“ใŒใˆใฆ ใŠใใพใ™ to your proposal. What might it really mean?

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Possibly a polite "no" or "not yet"; check gently whether they are really interested.