Health & Fitness

Japanese Basic Conversation 4

Chapter 1 ยท Health & Fitness: Sport, Diet & Healthy Living

๐Ÿƒ Health & Fitness โ€” ใ‘ใ‚“ใ“ใ†ใจ ใ†ใ‚“ใฉใ†

Welcome to Course 4. From here on the conversations are longer and more independent, and there is no romaji except in the vocabulary table: if a word is new, find it in the table and use the Say it column. This chapter is about sport, diet and looking after yourself. The grammar: ใ€œใชใŒใ‚‰ ("while doing"), ใ€œใŸใ‚ใซ ("in order to") and ใ€œใ™ใŽใ‚‹ ("too much"). Each dialog is followed by a short Words note with English meanings.

โ‘  Joining a Gym โ€” ใ‚ธใƒ ใซ ใซใ‚…ใ†ใ‹ใ„

A: Excuse me, I'd like to join the gym.
B: Thank you. First, please choose a plan.
A: Are there yoga classes too?
B: Yes, every week on Wednesdays and Saturdays.
A: How much is the fee?
B: 8,000 yen a month. A towel is included.
Words: ใซใ‚…ใ†ใ‹ใ„ joining (a club) ยท ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚น plan, course ยท ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚น class ยท ใคใ„ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ is included

โ‘ก The Health Check โ€” ใ‘ใ‚“ใ“ใ†ใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ‚“

A: Is anything wrong?
B: No, nothing in particular.
A: Do you exercise?
B: No, not much. I sit all day at work.
A: You should exercise more.
A: How about walking every day?
B: Yes, I'll do that.
Words: ใจใใซ in particular ยท ใšใฃใจ all the time ยท ใ™ใ‚ใฃใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ am sitting ยท ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ walk

โ‘ข Going on a Diet โ€” ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆ

A: I've been on a diet lately.
B: What kind of diet?
A: For my health, I plan not to eat after 8.
B: Don't you get hungry?
A: I do, but if I eat while watching TV, I eat too much.
B: I see.
Words: ใŠใชใ‹ใŒ ใ™ใ get hungry ยท ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉ I see, indeed ยท ใ€œใ™ใŽ past (a time) ยท ใŸในใ™ใŽใ‚‹ eat too much

โ‘ฃ Running โ€” ใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ฎใƒณใ‚ฐ

A: Mr Tanaka, you run every morning, don't you?
B: Yes, I'm practising to take part in a marathon.
A: Do you run listening to music?
B: Yes, it's fun to run while listening.
A: But you'd better not overdo it.
B: Yes, I won't push myself.
Words: ใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณ marathon ยท ใงใ‚‹ take part in (a race) ยท ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ† practice ยท ใ‚€ใ‚Š overdoing it

โ‘ค Japanese Food โ€” ใ‚ใ—ใ‚‡ใ

A: Do you think Japanese food is good for you?
B: Yes. People often eat rice, miso soup, fish and vegetables together.
A: And there's not much oil either.
B: That's right. But you need to watch out for too much salt.
A: Drinking too much miso soup isn't good, is it?
Words: ใ‚ใ—ใ‚‡ใ Japanese-style meal ยท ใ‚ใถใ‚‰ oil, fat ยท ใ—ใŠ salt ยท ใจใ‚Šใ™ใŽ taking too much ยท ใกใ‚…ใ†ใ„ care, attention

โ‘ฅ Between Friends (casual) โ€” ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใจ

A: I might have put on a bit of weight lately.
B: Isn't it because you eat too much?
A: Yeah... Want to go to the gym together?
B: Sure. Shall we talk while running?
Words: ใตใจใ‚‹ put on weight ยท ใ€œใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„? isn't it that...? ยท ใ‚ธใƒ  gym

๐Ÿ”‘ Key Phrases โ€” ใ ใ„ใ˜ใช ใฒใ‚‡ใ†ใ’ใ‚“

EnglishPolite (ใงใ™ / ใพใ™)Casual (friends)
I listen to music while running.
I'm running for my health.
I ate too much.
Don't push yourself.
I want to lose weight.
Do you exercise?

๐Ÿ”ค Three Verbs โ€” ใฉใ†ใ—

VerbPolitePlainใชใ„-formใฆ-form
to run (G1)
to lose weight (G2)
to train, build up (G2)

๐Ÿงฐ Grammar Tools โ€” ใถใ‚“ใฝใ†

1. ใ€œใชใŒใ‚‰: "while doing..."

To say that one person does two things at the same time, take the ใพใ™-stem of the verb (the form before ใพใ™) and add ใชใŒใ‚‰. The last verb is the main action: "I run while listening to music."

Verbใพใ™-stem+ ใชใŒใ‚‰
(come)

Examples: "I eat while watching TV." "Please don't look at your phone while walking." Both actions must be done by the same person and last for a while. For two actions in order, use the ใฆ-form instead (Japanese Basic Conversation 3 3).

2. ใ€œใŸใ‚ใซ: "in order to"

To state a purpose, put the plain present verb or a noun + ใฎ before ใŸใ‚ใซ: "I'm practising in order to run in a marathon." "I gave up smoking for the sake of my health."

PatternExample
plain present verb + ใŸใ‚ใซ
noun + ใฎ + ใŸใ‚ใซ
"so that (not)": a different patternFor purposes you do not fully control, or negative ones, Japanese Basic Conversation 4 5 teaches ใ€œใ‚ˆใ†ใซ.

ใŸใ‚ใซ is used when the same person does both things and the first is something you choose to do. Chapter 5 adds ใ€œใ‚ˆใ†ใซ for purposes that are not fully in your control.

3. ใ€œใ™ใŽใ‚‹: "too much"

You used ใ™ใŽใพใ™ with adjectives in Japanese Basic Conversation 3 1 (ใŠใŠใใ™ใŽใพใ™). With a verb, add it to the ใพใ™-stem: "eat too much", "drink too much", "work too much".

MeaningJapanese
I ate too much.
Don't drink too much.
It's too sweet. (i-adj.)
It's too quiet. (na-adj.)
You work too hard. (noun: ใพใ™-stem + ใ™ใŽ)
Watch out: ใชใŒใ‚‰ is for the same person, at the same time ใชใŒใ‚‰ does not link two people or two separate moments: ใ‚ใŸใ—ใฏ ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’ ใฟใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใ‚‚ใ†ใจใฏ ใ”ใฏใ‚“ใ‚’ ใคใใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ is wrong because two people are involved. And the main action comes last: ใ”ใฏใ‚“ใ‚’ ใŸในใชใŒใ‚‰ ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’ ใฟใพใ™ means the main thing is watching TV.

4. Body and exercise words

JapaneseEnglish
/ / exercise / stretching / jogging
/ weight / body
/ to put on weight / to lose weight
health check-up
lack of exercise

๐Ÿ“ฐ Reading โ€” ใ‚ˆใฟใ‚‚ใฎ

Read the text with kanji (readings in brackets). If it's too hard, open the kana-only version below it. Then answer the true/false questions.

ใ‚ใŸใ—ใฎ ใ‘ใ‚“ใ“ใ†

Show the kana-only version

English: Until last year I hardly exercised. My IT job meant sitting on a chair all day, and I even ate lunch while looking at my computer. One day, at the company health check, the doctor said "You should exercise more." So for my health I joined a gym. At first it was hard; I got tired and wanted to quit. But when I ran listening to music it became fun. Now I go to the gym three times a week. Thinking it was better not to eat too much, I eat only a little in the evening. My body has become lighter. This year I plan to take part in a marathon.

Words: ใ„ใกใซใกใ˜ใ‚…ใ† all day ยท ใŸใ„ใธใ‚“ hard, tough ยท ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ„ light ยท ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใซ 3ใ‹ใ„ three times a week

1. The writer exercised a lot until last year.

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False: ใ‚ใพใ‚Š ใ†ใ‚“ใฉใ†ใ‚’ ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ.

2. The doctor told the writer to exercise more.

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True: ใ‚‚ใฃใจ ใ†ใ‚“ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸ ใปใ†ใŒ ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆ.

3. The writer found running with music fun.

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True: ใŠใ‚“ใŒใใ‚’ ใใใชใŒใ‚‰ ใฏใ—ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ ใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ.

4. The writer goes to the gym every day.

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False: three times a week (ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใซ 3ใ‹ใ„).

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary โ€” ใ”ใ„

20 key words for health and fitness. This table is the only place with romaji: use the Say it column.

#JapaneseSay itEnglishType
1undลexercisenoun
2jimugymnoun
3yogayoganoun
4daiettodietnoun
5kenkลhealthnoun
6karadabodynoun
7taijลซbody weightnoun
8kenkล shindanhealth check-upnoun
9sutorecchistretchingnoun
10jogingujoggingnoun
11marasonmarathonnoun
12washokuJapanese foodnoun
13yasaivegetablesnoun
14sakanafishnoun
15nikumeatnoun
16hashirimasurunverb
17yasemasulose weightverb
18futorimasuput on weightverb
19kitaemasutrain, build upverb
20tsuzukemasucontinueverb
Real Japanese Tip โ€” The Japanese Diet A traditional meal follows the pattern ใ„ใกใ˜ใ‚…ใ† ใ•ใ‚“ใ•ใ„ ("one soup, three dishes"): rice, a soup (often miso), a main dish of fish or meat, and two side dishes, mostly vegetables. It is low in fat, but can be high in salt (soy sauce, miso, pickles). A saying that people use is ใฏใ‚‰ใฏใกใถใ‚“ใ‚, "eat until you are eighty per cent full".
Real Japanese Tip โ€” Check-ups, Radio Exercises and Gyms Many employers arrange an annual health check (ใ‘ใ‚“ใ“ใ†ใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ‚“) for staff. Early-morning ใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ชใŸใ„ใใ† (radio calisthenics) is a long-standing group exercise heard on the radio and practised in parks, especially in summer. At gyms and public baths (ใŠใ‚“ใ›ใ‚“, ใ›ใ‚“ใจใ†), rules about visible tattoos vary, so ask before you pay.
Kanji Spotlight โ€” ่‚‰ and ้ญš Two food kanji from the Japanese diet: ่‚‰ (niku, meat) and ้ญš (sakana, gyo, fish). You will see them on every menu and supermarket label. Have a look: ่‚‰ โ–ธ ยท ้ญš โ–ธ

โœ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ€” ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†

Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.

1. Say "I listen to music while running."

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2. Say "I joined the gym for my health."

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3. Say "I'm practising in order to run in the marathon."

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4. Say "I ate too much, so I'd better not eat tonight."

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5. Tell a friend "Please don't look at your phone while walking."

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6. Ask a friend casually "Want to go to the gym together?"

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