Finding a Home
Japanese Basic Conversation 3
Chapter 4 ยท Looking for a Place to Live: Viewings & Renting
๐ Finding a Home โ ใธใใ ใใใ
Renting a flat in Japan has its own vocabulary and its own customs: room types such as 1K and 1LDK, a deposit (ใใใใ) and "key money" (ใใใใ), a guarantor, and strict house rules. This chapter takes you from the estate agent to the viewing and the move. The new grammar: ใใใปใใ ใใใงใ (you should...), ใใฆใ ใใใงใใ (asking and giving permission, in depth) and ใใพใใซ / ใใใจใง (before / after). Dialog lines have no romaji; a Hard words note gives readings.
โ At the Estate Agent โ ใตใฉใใใใใง
โก Viewing a Room โ ใชใใใ
โข The Costs โ ใใใญใฎ ใฏใชใ
โฃ Asking Permission โ ใใใงใใ
โค Before and After the Move โ ใฒใฃใใ
โฅ Between Friends (casual) โ ใจใใ ใกใจ
๐ Key Phrases โ ใ ใใใช ใฒใใใใ
| English | Polite (ใงใ / ใพใ) | Casual (friends) |
|---|---|---|
| I'm looking for a room. | ใธใใ ใใใใฆ ใใพใใ Heya o sagashite imasu. | ใธใใใใใใฆใใ Heya, sagashiteru. |
| How much is the rent? | ใใกใใฏ ใใใใงใใใ Yachin wa ikura desu ka. | ใใกใใใใใ? Yachin, ikura? |
| May I keep a pet? | ใใใใ ใใฃใฆใ ใใใงใใใ Petto o katte mo ii desu ka. | ใใใ ใใฃใฆใ ใใ? Petto katte mo ii? |
| You'd better not. | ใใชใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ Shinai hล ga ii desu. | ใใชใ ใปใใ ใใใใ Shinai hล ga ii yo. |
| What should I do before the move? | ใฒใฃใใใฎ ใพใใซ ใชใซใ ใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใใ Hikkoshi no mae ni nani o shita hล ga ii desu ka. | ใฒใฃใใใฎ ใพใใซ ใชใซใ ใใ ใปใใ ใใ? Hikkoshi no mae ni nanika shita hล ga ii? |
| After I move, I plan to hold a party. | ใฒใฃใใใฎ ใใจใง ใใผใใฃใผใ ใใ ใคใใใงใใ Hikkoshi no ato de pฤtฤซ o suru tsumori desu. | ใฒใฃใใใฎ ใใจใง ใใผใใฃใผ ใใ ใคใใใ Hikkoshi no ato de pฤtฤซ suru tsumori. |
๐ค Three Verbs โ ใฉใใ
Three verbs of living, with all the forms from Chapters 1 to 3.
| Verb | Polite | Plain | ใชใ-form | ใ-form | ใฆ-form |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| to live (ใใ, G1) | ใใฟใพใ sumimasu | ใใ sumu | ใใพใชใ sumanai | ใใใ sunda | ใใใง sunde |
| to rent, borrow (ใใใ, G2) | ใใใพใ karimasu | ใใใ kariru | ใใใชใ karinai | ใใใ karita | ใใใฆ karite |
| to move house (ใฒใฃใใ, G1) | ใฒใฃใใใพใ hikkoshimasu | ใฒใฃใใ hikkosu | ใฒใฃใใใชใ hikkosanai | ใฒใฃใใใ hikkoshita | ใฒใฃใใใฆ hikkoshite |
๐งฐ Grammar Tools โ ใถใใฝใ
1. ใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใ: "you should..."
To give advice, use the ใ-form (Chapter 2) + ใปใใ ใใใงใ: ใปใใใใซใใ ใใใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ "You should look for a guarantor." For "you'd better not", use the ใชใ-form (Chapter 1): ใใใฏ ใฎใฟใผใ ใฒใใชใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ Literally "the side of ... is better".
| Meaning | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| you should do | ใ-form + ใปใใ ใใใงใ | ใฏใใ ใใใใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ |
| you'd better not | ใชใ-form + ใปใใ ใใใงใ | ใใใซใฏ ใใพใชใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ |
| comparing (A is better) | noun + ใฎ ใปใใ ใใใงใ | ใใใซ ใกใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ |
2. ใใฆใ ใใใงใใ: asking and giving permission
You met this in Japanese Basic Conversation 2 8. It is the ใฆ-form (Chapter 3) + ใ ใใใงใใ. Here are all four parts of the exchange:
| Move | Japanese |
|---|---|
| ask | ใใใใ ใใฃใฆใ ใใใงใใใ May I keep a pet? |
| allow | ใฏใใใใใงใใใ / ใฉใใใ Yes, that's fine / go ahead. |
| refuse (direct) | ใใใใใ ใใงใใ No, it's not allowed. |
| refuse (gentle) | ใใฟใพใใใใกใใฃใจโฆใ Sorry, that's a bit... (and it trails off) |
| forbid | ใใใง ใใฐใใ ใใฃใฆใฏ ใใใพใใใ You must not smoke here. (recognise only) |
3. ใใพใใซ / ใใใจใง: before and after
Both link two events in time. The verb before ใพใใซ is always in the plain present form, whatever the tense of the main sentence. The verb before ใใจใง is in the ใ-form. With a noun, add ใฎ.
| Pattern | Example |
|---|---|
| plain form + ใพใใซ | ใฒใฃใใ ใพใใซใใใใใใ ใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ Before moving, you should get in touch. |
| noun + ใฎ + ใพใใซ | ใใใใใฎ ใพใใซใใธใใ ใฟใพใใ Before the contract, I view the room. |
| ใ-form + ใใจใง | ใฒใฃใใใ ใใจใงใใใใใใใธ ใใใพใใ After I have moved, I go to the ward office. |
| noun + ใฎ + ใใจใง | ใใใจใฎ ใใจใง ใชใใใใซ ใใใพใใ After work I go to a viewing. |
ใใจใง vs ใฆใใ (Chapter 3): they are often interchangeable (ใใใ ใใจใง / ใใใฆใใ). ใฆใใ stresses "only after"; ใใจใง just gives the order.
4. Rooms, sizes and costs
| Term | What it means |
|---|---|
| ใฏใณใซใผใ (one room) | a studio: one room with a small kitchen in it |
| 1K (ใฏใณใฑใผ) | one room + a separate kitchen |
| 1DK (ใฏใณใใฃใผใฑใผ) | one room + a kitchen big enough for a dining table |
| 1LDK (ใฏใณใจใซใใฃใผใฑใผ) | one bedroom + a living/dining/kitchen space |
| 6ใใใ (ใใใใใ) | room size measured in tatami mats: 6 mats is roughly 10 mยฒ |
| ใใกใ | monthly rent |
| ใใใใฒ | monthly service fee (common areas, cleaning) |
| ใใใใ | deposit, partly refundable when you leave |
| ใใใใ | "key money", a non-refundable gift to the landlord |
๐ฐ Reading โ ใใฟใใฎ
A short text. Kanji appear with the reading in brackets. Read it, then answer the true/false questions below.
ใใใใใ ใธใ
ๆฅๆ(ใใใใค)ใใฒใฃใใใ ใใพใใใใพใฎ ใธใใฏ ใกใใใใงใใใใใใฃใจ ๅบ(ใฒใ)ใ ใธใใ ใใใ ใคใใใงใใใใฎใใใตใฉใใใใใง ใชใใใใ ใใพใใใใใกใใฏ 7ไธๅ(ใพใใใ)ใงใใใใใ ใใใใฆ 10ใทใใงใใใฒใฃใใใฎ ใพใใซใใงใใใจ ใฌในใฎ ใใใใใ ใใ ใปใใ ใใใจ ใใใพใใใใฒใฃใใใฎ ใใจใงใใใใใใใธ ใใใพใใ
Next month I'm moving. My current room is small, so I plan to rent a bigger one. Yesterday I viewed a room at an estate agent. The rent is 70,000 yen, and it's ten minutes' walk from the station. I was told that before moving it's better to contact the electricity and gas companies. After moving I'll go to the ward office.
Words: ๆฅๆ raigetsu (next month) ยท ใใใใฆ aruite (on foot) ยท ใใใพใใ kikimashita (I heard) ยท ใใฃใจ motto (more)
1. The writer's current room is small.
Show answer
True: ใใพใฎ ใธใใฏ ใกใใใใงใใใ.
2. The rent of the room is 700,000 yen.
Show answer
False: 7ไธๅ is 70,000 yen.
3. The room is ten minutes' walk from the station.
Show answer
True: ใใใใ ใใใใฆ 10ใทใ.
4. The writer will go to the ward office before moving.
Show answer
False: after the move (ใฒใฃใใใฎ ใใจใง); before the move comes the electricity and gas contact.
๐ Vocabulary โ ใใ
20 key words for finding a home. Common kanji appear in brackets.
| # | Japanese | Romaji | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ใตใฉใใใใ (ไธๅ็ฃๅฑ) | fudลsan-ya | estate agent | noun |
| 2 | ใใกใ (ๅฎถ่ณ) | yachin | rent | noun |
| 3 | ใใใใ (ๆท้) | shikikin | deposit | noun |
| 4 | ใใใใ (็คผ้) | reikin | key money | noun |
| 5 | ใใใใ (ๅฅ็ด) | keiyaku | contract | noun |
| 6 | ใปใใใใซใ (ไฟ่จผไบบ) | hoshลnin | guarantor | noun |
| 7 | ใธใ (้จๅฑ) | heya | room | noun |
| 8 | ใฏใณใซใผใ | wanrลซmu | studio flat | noun |
| 9 | ใใใ (็ณ) | jล | tatami mat (room size) | noun |
| 10 | ใใใใฒ (็ฎก็่ฒป) | kanrihi | management fee | noun |
| 11 | ใใฉใณใ | beranda | balcony | noun |
| 12 | ใจใขใณใณ | eakon | air conditioner | noun |
| 13 | ใใใ | petto | pet | noun |
| 14 | ใชใใใ (ๅ ่ฆ) | naiken | viewing a property | noun |
| 15 | ใฒใฃใใ (ๅผใฃ่ถใ) | hikkoshi | moving house | noun |
| 16 | ใจใป (ๅพๆญฉ) | toho | on foot | noun |
| 17 | ใใฟใพใ (ไฝใฟใพใ) | sumimasu | live, reside | verb |
| 18 | ใใใพใ (ๅใใพใ) | karimasu | rent, borrow | verb |
| 19 | ใฒใฃใใใพใ (ๅผใฃ่ถใใพใ) | hikkoshimasu | move house | verb |
| 20 | ใฒใใ (ๅบใ) | hiroi | spacious, wide | i-adj. |
โ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ ใใใใ ใ
Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.
1. Tell the agent you want a 1K near the station, up to 60,000 yen.
Show answer
ใใใใ ใกใใ 1Kใ ใใใงใใใใกใใฏ 6ใพใใใใใใใพใงใงใใ
2. Ask if you may keep a cat in the flat.
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ใญใใ ใใฃใฆใ ใใใงใใใ
3. Advise a friend to read the contract carefully and not to sign today.
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ใใใใใใใ ใใ ใใใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใใใใใฏ ใตใคใณใใชใ ใปใใ ใใใงใใ
4. Say "Before moving, I will contact the electricity company."
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ใฒใฃใใ ใพใใซใใงใใใใใใใซ ใใใใใใพใใ (plain form before ใพใใซ)
5. Say "After moving, I will go to the ward office."
Show answer
ใฒใฃใใใ ใใจใงใใใใใใใธ ใใใพใใ (ใ-form before ใใจใง)
6. Give the ใชใ-form and ใฆ-form of ใใ and ใใใ.
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ใใพใชใใปใใใง; ใใใชใใปใใใฆ