Planning a Trip
Japanese Basic Conversation 3
Chapter 2 ยท Planning a Trip: Holidays & Itineraries
๐พ Planning a Trip โ ใใใใใฎ ใใใใ
In this chapter you plan a holiday in Japan: choosing where to go (Kyoto, Nara, Hokkaido), booking a hotel, buying a bullet-train ticket and talking about what you will do each day. The new grammar uses the plain form you met in Chapter 1: ใใคใใใงใ (I intend to...) and ใใใ ใใใ ใใพใ (do things like... and...). You also revisit ใใใใงใ (want to), with its negative and past. As in Chapter 1, dialog lines have no romaji; a Hard words note gives readings.
โ Where to Go โ ใฉใใธ ใใ?
โก Booking a Hotel โ ใใใซใฎ ใใใ
โข A Bullet-Train Ticket โ ใใใใใใใฎ ใใฃใท
โฃ Making the Itinerary โ ใใฆใใ ใใฆใ
โค Tourist Information โ ใใใใใใใชใใใ
โฅ Between Friends (casual) โ ใจใใ ใกใจ
๐ Key Phrases โ ใ ใใใช ใฒใใใใ
| English | Polite (ใงใ / ใพใ) | Casual (friends) |
|---|---|---|
| I plan to go to Kyoto. | ใใใใจใธ ใใ ใคใใใงใใ Kyลto e iku tsumori desu. | ใใใใจใซ ใใ ใคใใใ Kyลto ni iku tsumori. |
| I don't plan to go. | ใใใชใ ใคใใใงใใ Ikanai tsumori desu. | ใใใชใ ใคใใใ Ikanai tsumori. |
| I'd like to book a room. | ใธใใ ใใใใใใใงใใ Heya o yoyaku shitai desu. | ใธใใใใใใใใใ Heya, yoyaku shitai. |
| One way or return? | ใใใฟใกใงใใใใใใตใใงใใใ Katamichi desu ka, ลfuku desu ka. | ใใใฟใก? ใใใตใ? Katamichi? ลfuku? |
| We'll see temples and so on. | ใใฆใใ ใฟใใ ใใพใใ O-tera o mitari shimasu. | ใใฆใใ ใฟใใ ใใใ O-tera o mitari suru. |
| Please recommend somewhere. | ใใใใใ ใใใใฆ ใใ ใใใ Osusume o oshiete kudasai. | ใใใใ ใใ? Osusume aru? |
๐ค Three Verbs โ ใฉใใ
Travel verbs, with their plain and ใชใ-forms from Chapter 1 (Group 1 and Group 2 verbs).
| Verb | Polite (present) | Polite negative | Plain (dictionary) | ใชใ-form |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| to decide (ใใใ, Group 2) | ใใใพใ kimemasu | ใใใพใใ kimemasen | ใใใ kimeru | ใใใชใ kimenai |
| to stay overnight (ใจใพใ, Group 1) | ใจใพใใพใ tomarimasu | ใจใพใใพใใ tomarimasen | ใจใพใ tomaru | ใจใพใใชใ tomaranai |
| to ride, get on (ใฎใ, Group 1) | ใฎใใพใ norimasu | ใฎใใพใใ norimasen | ใฎใ noru | ใฎใใชใ noranai |
๐งฐ Grammar Tools โ ใถใใฝใ
1. ใใใใงใ revisited: want to
You met ใใใใงใ in Japanese Basic Conversation 2 3. It is the ใพใ-stem plus ใใ, and ใใ then behaves like an ใ-adjective, so it has a negative and a past:
| Form | Japanese | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| want to | ใใใใใงใ | I want to go |
| don't want to | ใใใใใชใใงใ | I don't want to go |
| wanted to | ใใใใใฃใใงใ | I wanted to go |
| didn't want to | ใใใใใชใใฃใใงใ | I didn't want to go |
The object can take ใ or ใ: ใใใใใ / ใใใใใ ใฟใใใงใใ Said about your own wishes only; for someone else you would need other patterns.
2. ใใคใใใงใ: "I intend to..."
Use the plain form of the verb before ใคใใใงใ for a plan you have already decided: ใใใใจใธ ใใ ใคใใใงใใ "I intend to go to Kyoto." For "I don't intend to", use the ใชใ-form: ใใใชใ ใคใใใงใใ Both come from Chapter 1.
| Pattern | Example |
|---|---|
| plain form + ใคใใใงใ | ใใใซใซ 3ใฐใ ใจใพใ ใคใใใงใใ I plan to stay three nights. |
| ใชใ-form + ใคใใใงใ | ใใใพใฏ ใใใชใ ใคใใใงใใ I don't plan to rent a car. |
| casual: drop ใงใ | ใใใ ใใ ใคใใใ I'm planning to go tomorrow. |
ใคใใ vs ใใ. ใใใใงใ is a wish ("I would like to"); ใใคใใใงใ is a decision ("I mean to, and I'm planning for it"). ใใใใจใธ ใใใใใงใ says you wish it; ใใใใจใธ ใใ ใคใใใงใ says you have decided.
3. ใใใ ใใใ ใใพใ: "do things like A and B"
To list a few typical activities, not all of them, use the ใ-form + ใ twice, then ใใพใ: ใใฆใใ ใฟใใใใใกใใ ใฎใใ ใ ใใพใใ "I'll look at temples, drink tea, and so on." The ใ-form is the plain past (Chapter 7 treats it fully); for now learn how it is made:
| Group | Rule | Examples (plain โ ใ-form) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ใใ / ใค / ใ โ ใใฃใ | ใใ โ ใใฃใ ยท ใพใค โ ใพใฃใ ยท ใฎใ โ ใฎใฃใ ยท ใใใ โ ใใใฃใ |
| 1 | ใใ / ใถ / ใฌ โ ใใใ | ใฎใ โ ใฎใใ ยท ใใ โ ใใใ ยท ใใใถ โ ใใใใ |
| 1 | ใใ โ ใใใ (ใใ โ ใใฃใ is the exception); ใใ โ ใใใ | ใใ โ ใใใ ยท ใฌใ โ ใฌใใ ยท ใใ โ ใใฃใ |
| 1 | ใใ โ ใใใ | ใฏใชใ โ ใฏใชใใ |
| 2 | drop ใ, add ใ | ใฟใ โ ใฟใ ยท ใในใ โ ใในใ |
| 3 | irregular | ใใ โ ใใ ยท ใใ โ ใใ |
Examples: ใใฃใใใใในใใ ใใพใใ "Buy things, eat things, and so on." ใใใฎ ใฒใฏ ใปใใ ใใใ ใใใใใใ ใฟใใ ใใพใใ "On rainy days I read, watch films and so on." The tense is decided only by the last verb (ใใพใ / ใใพใใ / ใใ).
4. Booking words: nights and tickets
| Meaning | Japanese | Romaji |
|---|---|---|
| 1 night / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 | ใใฃใฑใ / ใซใฏใ / ใใใฑใ / ใใใฏใ / ใใฏใ | ippaku / nihaku / sanpaku / yonhaku / gohaku |
| how many nights? | ใชใใฑใ ใงใใใ | nanpaku desu ka |
| day 1 / day 2 / day 3 | 1ใซใกใ / 2ใซใกใ / 3ใซใกใ | ichinichime / futsukame / mikkame |
| one-way / return ticket | ใใใฟใก / ใใใตใ | katamichi / ลfuku |
| reserved / non-reserved seat | ใใฆใใใ / ใใใใใ | shiteiseki / jiyลซseki |
| breakfast included | ใกใใใใใใคใ | chลshoku-tsuki |
Note that 2ใซใกใ, 3ใซใกใ are read ใตใคใใ, ใฟใฃใใ: the day-of-month readings from Japanese Basic Conversation 2 1 plus ใ.
๐ฐ Reading โ ใใฟใใฎ
A short text. Kanji appear with the reading in brackets. Read it, then answer the true/false questions below.
ใใใใจใฎ ใใใใ
ๅปๅนด(ใใใญใ)ใฎ ๅค(ใชใค)ใใจใใ ใกใจ ไบฌ้ฝ(ใใใใจ)ใธ ใใใพใใใใใใใใใใง 2ใใใใใใใงใใใไบฌ้ฝ(ใใใใจ)ใงใฏใใใฆใใ ใฟใใใใใกใใ ใฎใใ ใ ใใพใใใใใใฏ ใใใใใซ ใจใพใใพใใใใใฏใใฏ ใจใฆใ ใใใใใฃใใงใใใใจใใฎ ๅฌ(ใตใ)ใฏ ๅๆตท้(ใปใฃใใใฉใ)ใธ ใใใใใงใใในใญใผใ ใใ ใคใใใงใใ
Last summer I went to Kyoto with a friend. It took about two hours by bullet train. In Kyoto we looked at temples, drank tea and so on. At night we stayed at a ryokan (Japanese inn). The food was very good. This winter I want to go to Hokkaido. I intend to ski.
Words: ใใใใ ryokan (Japanese-style inn) ยท ในใญใผ sukฤซ (skiing) ยท ๅปๅนด kyonen (last year) ยท ๅฌ fuyu (winter)
1. The writer went to Kyoto by bullet train.
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True: ใใใใใใใง 2ใใใใใใ.
2. They stayed at a hotel.
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False: they stayed at a ใใใใ.
3. The food was good.
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True: ใใฏใใฏ ใจใฆใ ใใใใใฃใใงใ.
4. The writer intends to go to Hokkaido next summer.
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False: the writer wants to go to Hokkaido this winter and plans to ski.
๐ Vocabulary โ ใใ
20 key words for planning a trip. Common kanji appear in brackets.
| # | Japanese | Romaji | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ใใใใ (ๆ ่ก) | ryokล | trip, travel | noun |
| 2 | ใใฆใ (ไบๅฎ) | yotei | plan, schedule | noun |
| 3 | ใใใซ | hoteru | hotel | noun |
| 4 | ใใใใ (ๆ ้คจ) | ryokan | Japanese-style inn | noun |
| 5 | ใฒใใใ (้ฃ่กๆฉ) | hikลki | aeroplane | noun |
| 6 | ใใใใใใ (ๆฐๅนน็ท) | shinkansen | bullet train | noun |
| 7 | ใใฃใท (ๅ็ฌฆ) | kippu | ticket | noun |
| 8 | ใใใ (ไบ็ด) | yoyaku | reservation, booking | noun |
| 9 | ใใฃใฑใ (ไธๆณ) | ippaku | one night's stay | noun |
| 10 | ใใใใ (่ฆณๅ ) | kankล | sightseeing | noun |
| 11 | ใใฆใ (ใๅฏบ) | o-tera | (Buddhist) temple | noun |
| 12 | ใใใใ (็ฅ็คพ) | jinja | (Shinto) shrine | noun |
| 13 | ใใฟใใ (ใๅ็ฃ) | omiyage | souvenir, gift from a trip | noun |
| 14 | ใกใใใใใ (ๆ้ฃ) | chลshoku | breakfast | noun |
| 15 | ใใใฟใก (็้) | katamichi | one way | noun |
| 16 | ใใใตใ (ๅพๅพฉ) | ลfuku | return trip | noun |
| 17 | ใใงใใฏใคใณ | chekku-in | check-in | noun |
| 18 | ใใใใ | osusume | recommendation | noun |
| 19 | ใใใพใ (ๆฑบใใพใ) | kimemasu | decide | verb |
| 20 | ใจใพใใพใ (ๆณใพใใพใ) | tomarimasu | stay overnight | verb |
โ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ ใใใใ ใ
Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.
1. Say that you intend to go to Nara with a friend.
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ใจใใ ใกใจ ใชใใธ ใใ ใคใใใงใใ
2. Say you do not intend to rent a car.
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ใใใพใฏ ใใใชใ ใคใใใงใใ (ใใใ โ ใใใชใ)
3. Give the ใ-form of: ใฎใ, ใฟใ, ใใ, ใใ.
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ใฎใใ , ใฟใ, ใใใ, ใใฃใ
4. Say "On holiday I want to visit temples, eat and so on."
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ใใใใใง ใใฆใใ ใฟใใใใในใใ ใใใใงใใ
5. Book a twin room for two people for three nights from 10 August, breakfast included.
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ใฏใกใใค ใจใใใใ ใใใฑใใใใคใณใ ใใใใใใใงใใใตใใใงใใกใใใใใใคใใ ใใญใใใใพใใ
6. At the ticket office, ask for a one-way, reserved-seat ticket to Kyoto.
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ใใใใจใพใงใใใใฟใกใฎ ใใฆใใใใ ใใญใใใใพใใ