Where You're From
Spanish Basic Conversation 1
Chapter 4 · Where You're From: Countries & Nationalities
🌍 Where You're From — De dónde eres
In this chapter you will say where you come from and where you live, name countries and nationalities (which change for masculine and feminine, singular and plural), and get to know the regions of Spain. Every Spanish line has an English respelling beneath it, with CAPITALS on the stressed syllable.
① Where Are You From? (formal) — ¿De dónde es usted?
② Meeting a Peer (informal) — ¿De dónde eres?
③ Where Do You Live? — ¿Dónde vives?
④ Two Couples — Somos de Francia
⑤ At the Hotel Desk — ¿De dónde viene?
⑥ Friends at a Party (casual) — ¿Eres español?
🗝️ Key Phrases — Frases clave
| Situation | Formal (usted) | Informal (tú) |
|---|---|---|
| Where are you from? | ¿De dónde es usted? deh DOHN-deh ehs oos-TEHD | ¿De dónde eres? deh DOHN-deh EH-rehs |
| I'm from… | Soy de… / Vengo de… SOY deh / BEHN-goh deh | Soy de… / Vengo de… SOY deh / BEHN-goh deh |
| Where do you live? | ¿Dónde vive usted? DOHN-deh BEE-beh oos-TEHD | ¿Dónde vives? DOHN-deh BEE-behs |
| I live in… | Vivo en… BEE-boh ehn | Vivo en… BEE-boh ehn |
| What's your nationality? | ¿Cuál es su nacionalidad? KWAHL ehs soo nah-thyoh-nah-lee-DAHD | ¿De qué nacionalidad eres? deh keh nah-thyoh-nah-lee-DAHD EH-rehs |
| I'm Scottish | Soy escocés / escocesa. SOY ehs-koh-THEHS / ehs-koh-THEH-sah | Soy escocés / escocesa. SOY ehs-koh-THEHS / ehs-koh-THEH-sah |
🏳️ Countries and Nationalities — Países y nacionalidades
| Country | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| España ehs-PAH-nyah | español ehs-pah-NYOHL | española ehs-pah-NYOH-lah |
| Escocia ehs-KOH-thyah | escocés ehs-koh-THEHS | escocesa ehs-koh-THEH-sah |
| Inglaterra een-glah-TEH-rrah | inglés een-GLEHS | inglesa een-GLEH-sah |
| Gales GAH-lehs | galés gah-LEHS | galesa gah-LEH-sah |
| Irlanda eer-LAHN-dah | irlandés eer-lahn-DEHS | irlandesa eer-lahn-DEH-sah |
| el Reino Unido ehl RAY-noh oo-NEE-doh | británico bree-TAH-nee-koh | británica bree-TAH-nee-kah |
| Francia FRAHN-thyah | francés frahn-THEHS | francesa frahn-THEH-sah |
| Alemania ah-leh-MAH-nyah | alemán ah-leh-MAHN | alemana ah-leh-MAH-nah |
| Italia ee-TAH-lyah | italiano ee-tah-LYAH-noh | italiana ee-tah-LYAH-nah |
| Portugal pohr-too-GAHL | portugués pohr-too-GEHS | portuguesa pohr-too-GEH-sah |
| México MEH-khee-koh | mexicano meh-khee-KAH-noh | mexicana meh-khee-KAH-nah |
| Argentina ahr-khehn-TEE-nah | argentino ahr-khehn-TEE-noh | argentina ahr-khehn-TEE-nah |
| los Estados Unidos lohs ehs-TAH-dohs oo-NEE-dohs | estadounidense (same for both) ehs-tah-doh-oo-nee-DEHN-seh | |
🔤 Three Verbs for Origin and Place — Verbos
Estar ("to be", for where something is), vivir ("to live") and venir ("to come") are the verbs of place. Vivir is a regular -ir verb. Estar has an irregular yo form, and venir is irregular (vengo and e → ie).
| estar (to be) | vivir (to live) | venir (to come) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| yo (I) | estoy ehs-TOY | vivo BEE-boh | vengo BEHN-goh |
| tú (you, informal) | estás ehs-TAHS | vives BEE-behs | vienes BYEH-nehs |
| él, ella, usted | está ehs-TAH | vive BEE-beh | viene BYEH-neh |
| nosotros (we) | estamos ehs-TAH-mohs | vivimos bee-BEE-mohs | venimos beh-NEE-mohs |
| vosotros (Spain) | estáis ehs-TAHYS | vivís bee-BEES | venís beh-NEES |
| ellos, ellas, ustedes | están ehs-TAHN | viven BEE-behn | vienen BYEH-nehn |
🗺️ The Regions of Spain — Las comunidades autónomas
Spain is divided into 17 autonomous communities (comunidades autónomas), plus the two autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla on the coast of North Africa. Here is the list, with the best-known ones in respelling.
| Community | Say it | Main city (examples) |
|---|---|---|
| Andalucía | ahn-dah-loo-THEE-ah | Sevilla, Málaga |
| Aragón | ah-rah-GOHN | Zaragoza |
| Asturias | ahs-TOO-ryahs | Oviedo |
| las Islas Baleares | lahs EES-lahs bah-leh-AH-rehs | Palma |
| Canarias | kah-NAH-ryahs | Las Palmas |
| Cantabria | kahn-TAH-bryah | Santander |
| Castilla-La Mancha | kahs-TEE-yah lah MAHN-chah | Toledo |
| Castilla y León | kahs-TEE-yah ee leh-OHN | Valladolid |
| Cataluña | kah-tah-LOO-nyah | Barcelona |
| la Comunidad Valenciana | lah koh-moo-nee-DAHD bah-lehn-THYAH-nah | Valencia |
| Extremadura | ehks-treh-mah-DOO-rah | Mérida |
| Galicia | gah-LEE-thyah | Santiago de Compostela |
| La Rioja | lah ree-OH-khah | Logroño |
| la Comunidad de Madrid | lah koh-moo-nee-DAHD deh mah-DREED | Madrid |
| la Región de Murcia | lah reh-KHYOHN deh MOOR-thyah | Murcia |
| Navarra | nah-BAH-rrah | Pamplona |
| el País Vasco | ehl pah-EES BAHS-koh | Bilbao, San Sebastián |
Madrid is the capital and the largest city. Barcelona (in Cataluña), Valencia and Sevilla are the next biggest cities. Several communities have their own co-official language alongside Spanish, for example Catalan in Cataluña, Galician in Galicia and Basque in the País Vasco.
📖 Vocabulary — Vocabulario
20 key words. Read the Spanish first, then check the respelling (CAPITALS = the stressed syllable).
| # | Spanish | Say it | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | el país | ehl pah-EES | country | noun |
| 2 | la ciudad | lah thyoo-DAHD | city; town | noun |
| 3 | la nacionalidad | lah nah-thyoh-nah-lee-DAHD | nationality | noun |
| 4 | ¿de dónde? | deh DOHN-deh | from where? | q-word |
| 5 | ¿dónde? | DOHN-deh | where? | q-word |
| 6 | de | deh | of; from | prep |
| 7 | en | ehn | in; at | prep |
| 8 | vivir | bee-BEER | to live | verb |
| 9 | venir | beh-NEER | to come | verb |
| 10 | pero | PEH-roh | but | conj |
| 11 | España | ehs-PAH-nyah | Spain | noun |
| 12 | Escocia | ehs-KOH-thyah | Scotland | noun |
| 13 | español / española | ehs-pah-NYOHL / -NYOH-lah | Spanish | adj |
| 14 | escocés / escocesa | ehs-koh-THEHS / -THEH-sah | Scottish | adj |
| 15 | inglés / inglesa | een-GLEHS / -GLEH-sah | English | adj |
| 16 | francés / francesa | frahn-THEHS / -THEH-sah | French | adj |
| 17 | alemán / alemana | ah-leh-MAHN / -MAH-nah | German | adj |
| 18 | italiano / italiana | ee-tah-LYAH-noh / -nah | Italian | adj |
| 19 | mexicano / mexicana | meh-khee-KAH-noh / -nah | Mexican | adj |
| 20 | estadounidense | ehs-tah-doh-oo-nee-DEHN-seh | American (from the USA) | adj |
✍️ Try It Yourself — Ejercicios
Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.
1. A stranger asks where you are from (formally). You are from Edinburgh in Scotland. What do you say?
Show answer
Soy de Edimburgo, en Escocia. (SOY deh eh-deem-BOOR-goh, ehn ehs-KOH-thyah) — or Soy escocés / escocesa.
2. Give the feminine form: español, alemán, inglés, italiano, estadounidense.
Show answer
española · alemana · inglesa · italiana · estadounidense (no change).
3. Make these plural: español, escocesa, alemán, italiano.
Show answer
españoles · escocesas · alemanes · italianos.
4. Say: "I live in Madrid, but I'm from Galicia."
Show answer
Vivo en Madrid, pero soy de Galicia. (BEE-boh ehn mah-DREED, PEH-roh SOY deh gah-LEE-thyah)
5. Complete with the right form: "Ana es ___ (Italia → feminine)." · "Pablo y Javier son ___ (México → plural)."
Show answer
italiana · mexicanos.
6. Ser or estar? "Yo ___ de Escocia." · "Edimburgo ___ en Escocia."
Show answer
soy · está.