Exercise 2 solution

    from datetime import datetime

    def to_iso(text):
        try:
            dt = datetime.strptime(text, "%d %b %Y %I:%M %p")
            return dt.isoformat(timespec="minutes")
        except ValueError:
            return "invalid: " + text

    tests = [
        "05 Mar 2026 09:07 PM",
        "05 Mar 2026 12:00 AM",
        "05 Mar 2026 12:00 PM",
        "05 Mar 2026 13:00 PM",
        "31 Apr 2026 01:00 AM",
    ]
    for t in tests:
        print(t, "->", to_iso(t))

Output (run, and exactly as shown):

    05 Mar 2026 09:07 PM -> 2026-03-05T21:07
    05 Mar 2026 12:00 AM -> 2026-03-05T00:00
    05 Mar 2026 12:00 PM -> 2026-03-05T12:00
    05 Mar 2026 13:00 PM -> invalid: 05 Mar 2026 13:00 PM
    31 Apr 2026 01:00 AM -> invalid: 31 Apr 2026 01:00 AM

Explanation: on a 12-hour clock, 12 AM is midnight (hour 0) and 12 PM is
noon (hour 12); %I and %p handle both correctly. %I only accepts 01-12, so
13:00 PM fails, and April has 30 days, so 31 Apr fails. Both failures raise
ValueError, which the function turns into a readable message instead of
crashing.