Historical Linguistics and Language Families 9, Exercise 2: creoles and the tree Two reasons (Wikipedia, Creole language): 1. The tree model assumes regular sound changes; creoles do not fit it. 2. Classification usually relies on inherited core vocabulary and grammar. In creoles the core lexicon often has mixed origins and the grammar is largely original, so there is no single line of descent to draw. Monogenetic theory: traces Atlantic creoles to a single Portuguese-based pidgin. (The page also gives the European dialect origin hypothesis, which treats French creoles as phylogenetically based on French, and a view that "creole" is a sociohistoric rather than linguistic concept. The page says the question of which language is the parent often has no definitive answer.)