Historical Linguistics and Language Families 6, Exercise 3: contact outcomes Armenian taking Iranian words borrowing (so many that Armenian was at first thought a divergent Indo-Iranian branch) Ndyuka and Saramaccan creoles (vocabulary mainly from Portuguese, English and Dutch); the source places them under pidgins and creoles Newar taking verb tenses borrowing, reaching morphology and grammar (the source's example) attorney-general, court-martial borrowing of a French word order (adjective after noun) in English phrases None of the four examples is a mixed language or a language shift: the source gives no examples of those two.