Historical Linguistics and Language Families 3, Exercise 1: sorting resemblances

ten / decem                  regular correspondence: English t- matches Latin d-
                             in several pairs (ten/decem, two/duo, tongue/dingua).
day / dies                   chance: they match in meaning and sound, but the
                             source calls it chance.
taboo / Polynesian           borrowing: English taboo was borrowed from Tongan,
                             so it resembles Polynesian forms without kinship.
much / mucho                 false cognate: similar, but the Cognate page says
                             they are not cognates.

Key point: only the first is evidence of relationship, because it is one of a
regular set.