navi1-7 Exercise 3: "Has" Without "To Have" ============================================ A sample answer. Na'vi: lu poru tstxo verb: lu "to be" owner: poru = po (she/he) + the dative ending -ru, "to her/him" thing: tstxo Literally "a name is to her." English: has a verb "to have" ("she has a name"), and the owner is the subject. The difference: English makes the owner the subject of an action-like verb. Na'vi makes the thing the subject of "to be" and puts the owner in the dative, as the person it belongs to. The same pattern appears in many languages that have no verb "to have".