Challenge 3: retry With a Cap — Solution

$call_count = 0

def flaky_call
  $call_count += 1
  raise "Network error" if $call_count < 3

  "Success!"
end

attempts = 0

begin
  attempts += 1
  puts "Attempt #{attempts}"
  result = flaky_call
  puts result
rescue => e
  puts "Failed: #{e.message}"
  retry if attempts < 3
  puts "Giving up after #{attempts} attempts"
end

=begin
Output:
Attempt 1
Failed: Network error
Attempt 2
Failed: Network error
Attempt 3
Success!

Notes:
- flaky_call uses a global counter ($call_count) to simulate an operation
  that fails the first two times and succeeds on the third call, purely
  for demonstration purposes.
- retry if attempts < 3 jumps back to the very top of the begin block,
  which re-runs attempts += 1, the puts, and the flaky_call — not just the
  rescue clause.
- Because attempts is checked before retrying, the loop is guaranteed to
  stop after 3 tries even if flaky_call kept failing forever — this is the
  hard cap the chapter's warning about unconditional retry calls for.
- On the third attempt, flaky_call succeeds, so no exception is raised at
  all and the rescue block never runs for that attempt — execution falls
  through to result = flaky_call and puts result normally.
=end