Giving Advice

Korean Basic Conversation 3

Chapter 9 ยท Giving Advice & Making Suggestions

๐Ÿ’ก Giving Advice โ€” ์กฐ์–ธ๊ณผ ์ œ์•ˆ

Good friends give advice, and Korean has a ladder of ways to do it, from the gentle -๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ("how aboutโ€ฆ?") through -๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š” ("I think you'd betterโ€ฆ") to the friendly push -์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”? ("why don't youโ€ฆ?"). This chapter also teaches the reason ending -(์œผ)๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, which Chapter 3 told you to wait for: it is the one to use when the main clause is a suggestion or a command. Dialogs have a Hard words note, and a short reading text closes the chapter.

eo = ใ…“ (short, open "uh") eu = ใ…ก (unrounded "oo") kk, tt, pp, ss, jj = tense (tight, unaspirated) consonants

โ‘  A Cold โ€” ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์–ด์š”

A:๋ชฉ์ด ์•„ํ”„๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์นจ์ด ๋‚˜์š”. ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.My throat hurts and I have a cough. I think I've caught a cold.
B:๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ผ์ฐ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.Then I think you'd better go home early and rest today.
A:๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋ชป ๊ฐ€์š”.But I can't go, because there's an important meeting today.
B:๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ํŒ€์žฅ๋‹˜๊ป˜ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.Since you don't feel well, tell the team leader and go to the doctor.
A:๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”. ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ์ฐจ๋„ ๋งˆ์…”์•ผ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.Yes, I'll do that. I should drink some warm tea too.
Hard words: ๊ธฐ์นจ gi-chim ยท ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ gam-gi-e geol-lin ยท ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ swi-neun ge ยท ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š” jo-ke-sseo-yo ยท ์•ˆ ์ข‹์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ an jo-eu-ni-kka ยท ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  mal-sseum-deu-ri-go

โ‘ก Can't Sleep โ€” ์ž ์ด ์•ˆ ์™€์š”

A:์š”์ฆ˜ ์ž ์ด ์•ˆ ์™€์„œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์š”.I can't sleep these days, so I'm very tired.
B:์ž๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์„ ์•ˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?How about not looking at your phone before bed?
A:๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ž˜ ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”. ์นจ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๊ณ„์† ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ผ์š”.That doesn't go so well. I end up watching the news in bed.
B:๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ €๋…์— ์šด๋™์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”? ๋ชธ์ด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž˜ ์ž์š”.Then why don't you exercise in the evening? When your body is tired you sleep well.
A:์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”.Good idea. I'll try it from today.
Hard words: ์ž  jam ยท ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์š” pi-gon-hae-yo ยท ์ž๊ธฐ ์ „์— ja-gi jeo-ne ยท ์–ด๋•Œ์š” eo-ttae-yo ยท ๊ณ„์† gye-sok ยท ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š” geu-rae-yo

โ‘ข Choosing a Gift โ€” ์„ ๋ฌผ ์ถ”์ฒœ

A:์นœ๊ตฌ ์ƒ์ผ ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์„๊นŒ์š”?I need to buy a birthday present for a friend. What would be good?
B:๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜ˆ์œ ์•ž์น˜๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?Since that friend likes cooking, how about a pretty apron?
A:์ข‹์€๋ฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งž์„์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.That's nice. But I don't know whether the size will fit.
B:์•ž์น˜๋งˆ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.Aprons usually come in one size, so don't worry.
A:๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์˜์ˆ˜์ฆ๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.Then I'd better get the receipt too.
Hard words: ์„ ๋ฌผ seon-mul ยท ์ถ”์ฒœ chu-cheon ยท ์•ž์น˜๋งˆ ap-chi-ma ยท ๋งž์„์ง€ ma-jeul-ji ยท ํฌ๊ธฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ keu-gi-ni-kka ยท ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” geok-jjeong-ha-ji ma-se-yo

โ‘ฃ Studying Korean โ€” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

A:ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ์ž˜ ์•ˆ ๋Š˜์–ด์š”. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š”?My Korean isn't improving. What should I do?
B:๋งค์ผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.Every day, watch a drama a little at a time and try repeating what they say.
A:์ž๋ง‰์„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ผ์š”?Does it help to watch with Korean subtitles?
B:๋„ค, ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.Yes, since it's hard at first, I'd say watch slowly.
A:๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.And try to create chances to talk with Korean people.
B:์–ธ์–ด ๊ตํ™˜ ๋ชจ์ž„์— ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”?Why don't you go to a language exchange meeting?
Hard words: ์‹ค๋ ฅ sil-lyeok ยท ๋Š˜์–ด์š” neu-reo-yo ยท ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งํ•ด tta-ra mal-hae ยท ์ž๋ง‰ ja-mak ยท ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ bo-neun ge ยท ๋„์›€์ด ๋ผ์š” do-u-mi dwae-yo ยท ๊ธฐํšŒ gi-hoe

โ‘ค A Tough Decision โ€” ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”

A:๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆ์ด ์™”์–ด์š”.I've got a worry. I've received an offer from another company.
B:์›”๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋จผ์ € ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.I think you'd better compare the salary and working hours first.
A:์ง€๊ธˆ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํŽธํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์—†์–ด์š”.My present company is comfortable, but the work is really boring.
B:๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ฉด์ ‘์„ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ๋ถ€๋‹ด ์—†์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.Then how about having an interview? Just listen, no pressure.
A:๋งž์•„์š”. ์ผ๋‹จ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”.True. For now I'll go and listen.
Hard words: ๊ณ ๋ฏผ go-min ยท ์ œ์•ˆ je-an ยท ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ geun-mu si-gan ยท ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ bi-gyo-hae bo-neun ge ยท ์žฌ๋ฏธ์—†์–ด์š” jae-mi-eop-sseo-yo ยท ๋ถ€๋‹ด ์—†์ด bu-dam eop-ssi

โ‘ฅ Two Friends (casual) โ€” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด ๋ด

A:๋‚˜ ์–ด์ œ ๋‚จ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๋ž‘ ์‹ธ์› ์–ด. ์–ด๋–กํ•˜์ง€?I had a fight with my boyfriend yesterday. What should I do?
B:๋จผ์ € ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ๋ณด์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜? ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋” ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•ด์ ธ.Why don't you contact him first? The longer time passes, the more awkward it gets.
A:๊ทผ๋ฐ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋จผ์ € ์‚ฌ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ข€ ์ž์กด์‹ฌ์ด ์ƒํ•ด.But apologising first hurts my pride a bit.
B:๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ? ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.How about just saying it honestly? You were partly in the wrong too.
A:์•Œ์•˜์–ด. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋…์— ์ „ํ™”ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ. ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ!Okay. I'll call this evening. Thanks!
Hard words: ์‹ธ์› ์–ด ssa-wo-sseo ยท ์–ด๋–กํ•˜์ง€ eo-tteo-ka-ji ยท ์‚ฌ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” sa-gwa-ha-neun ยท ์ž์กด์‹ฌ์ด ์ƒํ•ด ja-jon-si-mi sang-hae ยท ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ sol-ji-ka-ge ยท ์ž˜๋ชปํ•œ jal-mo-tan

๐Ÿ—๏ธ Key Phrases โ€” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„

SituationPoliteCasual
What should I do?์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์„๊นŒ์š”?์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์„๊นŒ?
What do you recommend?๋ญ˜ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•˜์„ธ์š”?๋ญ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ด?
How about trying it?ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ?
I think you'd better rest.์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด.
Why don't you ask him?๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”?๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜?
Don't worry.๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ.

๐Ÿ”ค Three Verbs for Advice โ€” ๋™์‚ฌ

VerbEveryday polite (-์š”)Formal (-ใ…‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค)Casual
to recommend (์ถ”์ฒœํ•˜๋‹ค)์ถ”์ฒœํ•ด์š”์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค์ถ”์ฒœํ•ด
to worry (๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค)๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์š”๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด
to compare (๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋‹ค)๋น„๊ตํ•ด์š”๋น„๊ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋น„๊ตํ•ด

๐Ÿงฑ Four Tools for Advice

1. "I think you'd betterโ€ฆ" โ€” -๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”

Attach -๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š” to a verb stem to give mild but clear advice: ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š” ("you'd better rest"), ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”. The ๊ฒŒ is a contraction of ๊ฒƒ์ด ("the thing"): -๋Š” ๊ฒƒ turns a verb into a noun phrase ("resting", "going to the hospital"), and ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š” says "would be good". (The noun clause -๋Š” ๊ฒƒ is explained in full in Chapter 11.) Stems ending in ใ„น drop it: ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ. To advise against something, say -์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”: ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.

2. "How aboutโ€ฆ?" โ€” -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?

The same noun phrase with ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ("how is it?") makes a suggestion that leaves the choice to the other person: ์šด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ("how about exercising?"), ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?. With a noun, you can also say ์•ž์น˜๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ("how about an apron?"). It sounds gentler than -๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”. The casual form is -๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ?.

3. "Why don't youโ€ฆ?" โ€” -์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”?

Attach -์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”? to a verb stem for a friendly nudge, like "why notโ€ฆ?": ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ๋ณด์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”?, ์šด๋™์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”?. It is warm among friends and colleagues, but it can sound a bit pushy or even critical to someone who has not asked for advice, so avoid it with a senior. The casual form is -์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜?.

4. The reason ending -(์œผ)๋‹ˆ๊นŒ

Add -๋‹ˆ๊นŒ to a vowel stem and -์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ to a consonant stem: ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์‰ฌ์„ธ์š” ("since you're unwell, rest"). In Chapter 3 you learned that -์•„/์–ด์„œ cannot lead into a command or a suggestion. -(์œผ)๋‹ˆ๊นŒ can: it is the right choice when the second clause is -(์œผ)์„ธ์š”, -(์œผ)ใ„น๊นŒ์š”?, -์ž or another request or suggestion. Compare:

Second clauseUseExample
command / suggestion-(์œผ)๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์ถ”์šฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ฝ”ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ž…์œผ์„ธ์š”. It's cold, so wear a coat.
plain statement-์•„/์–ด์„œ or -(์œผ)๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์ถ”์›Œ์„œ ์ฝ”ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ์–ด์š”. It was cold, so I wore a coat.
apology or thanks-์•„/์–ด์„œ๋Šฆ์–ด์„œ ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. I'm sorry to be late.

A past-tense reason takes the tense before it (์ถ”์› ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ), unlike -์•„/์–ด์„œ. After the copula, use (์ด)๋‹ˆ๊นŒ: ์ฃผ๋ง์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์‰ฌ์–ด์š”. The final word -๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š” can end a sentence as a gentle explanation ("โ€ฆyou see").

๐Ÿ“– Reading โ€” ์ฝ๊ธฐ: ์ง€์—ฐ ์”จ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ

์ง€์—ฐ ์”จ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ ์ง€์—ฐ ์”จ๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชป ์ž์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นœ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฏผ ์”จ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์„ ์•ˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋…์— ๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ฒŒ ์šด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋– ๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ฐ ์”จ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•ด ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€๋„ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ฏผ ์”จ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์–ธ์–ด ๊ตํ™˜ ๋ชจ์ž„์—๋„ ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ฐ ์”จ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์กฐ์–ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ฐ ์”จ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฏผ ์”จ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋ง™๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Word list: ๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ฒŒ (lightly) ยท ์กฐ์–ธ (advice) ยท ๋“ฃ๋‹ค (to hear) ยท ๊ณ ๋ง™๋‹ค (to be grateful)

True or false? (๋งž์œผ๋ฉด O, ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋ฉด X)

1. ์ง€์—ฐ ์”จ๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ์žก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
2. ์ˆ˜๋ฏผ ์”จ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์„ ์•ˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
3. ์ˆ˜๋ฏผ ์”จ๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด ๊ตํ™˜ ๋ชจ์ž„์— ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
4. ์ง€์—ฐ ์”จ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฏผ ์”จ์˜ ์กฐ์–ธ์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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1. X (she can't sleep well and is tired) ยท 2. O ยท 3. O ยท 4. X (she thought it was good advice, ์ข‹์€ ์กฐ์–ธ)

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary โ€” ์–ดํœ˜

#KoreanSay itEnglishType
1์กฐ์–ธjo-eonadvicenoun
2์ถ”์ฒœchu-cheonrecommendationnoun
3์ œ์•ˆje-ansuggestion; proposalnoun
4๊ณ ๋ฏผgo-minworry; dilemmanoun
5๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•bang-beopmethod; waynoun
6์ด์œ i-yureasonnoun
7๊ธฐ์นจgi-chimcoughnoun
8์ž jamsleepnoun
9์ถ”์ฒœํ•˜๋‹คchu-cheon-ha-dato recommendverb
10๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋‹คgeok-jjeong-ha-dato worryverb
11๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋‹คbi-gyo-ha-dato compareverb
12์‚ฌ๊ณผํ•˜๋‹คsa-gwa-ha-dato apologiseverb
13์‹ธ์šฐ๋‹คssa-u-dato fight; to argueverb
14๋Š˜๋‹คneul-dato improve; to increaseverb
15ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๋‹คpi-gon-ha-dato be tiredadj
16์†”์งํ•˜๋‹คsol-ji-ka-dato be honest; frankadj
17์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋‹คeo-sae-ka-dato be awkwardadj
18๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋‹คdo-u-mi doe-dato be helpfulphrase
19์ผ๋‹จil-danfor now; first of alladverb
20๊ณ„์†gye-sokcontinuously; keep onadverb
Because: -์•„/์–ด์„œ versus -(์œผ)๋‹ˆ๊นŒ (sources agree on the core rule) Grammar guides agree that -์•„/์–ด์„œ does not lead into a command or a suggestion (-(์œผ)์„ธ์š”, -์ž, -(์œผ)ใ„น๊นŒ์š”?), where -(์œผ)๋‹ˆ๊นŒ is used instead, and a common model sentence is ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์šฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š” ("it's cold, so take care not to catch a cold"). They also agree that apologies and thanks take -์•„/์–ด์„œ (๋Šฆ์–ด์„œ ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”), and -๋‹ˆ๊นŒ there can sound like an excuse. One reference treats the commands rule as a matter of careful standard Korean rather than an absolute ban. Use the rule above as your safe default.
How Strong Is Your Advice? (from general knowledge) A rough ladder, softest to firmest: -๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? (an idea) โ†’ -๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š” (my opinion) โ†’ -์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”? (friendly push) โ†’ -(์œผ)์„ธ์š” / -์•„/์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š” (strong). Koreans often soften advice with ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š”โ€ฆ ("in my opinionโ€ฆ") or add -(์œผ)ใ„น ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. With seniors, avoid -์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š” and prefer a question such as โ€ฆ์–ด๋– ์„ธ์š”?. These nuances come from general usage and no source I found compared the three advice forms directly, so listen for how native speakers use them.
As Heard in Dramas โ€” ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ์—์„œ Advice scenes are drama staples: ๋‚ด ๋ง ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด ("listen to me, just be honest"), ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ ("don't worry too much") and the comforting ์ž˜ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ ("it'll work out"). A character who doesn't want advice snaps ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„์„œ ํ• ๊ฒŒ ("I'll handle it myself").
Grammar Pointer The command forms -(์œผ)์„ธ์š” and -์•„/์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” come from Korean Basic Conversation 2 and Chapter 1 of this course, and the obligation -์•„/์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š” from Korean Basic Conversation 2, Chapter 12 (When Things Go Wrong). The reason ending -์•„/์–ด์„œ and its limits were set out in Chapter 3, and the wish pattern -(์œผ)๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š” in Chapter 10 builds on this chapter's ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.

โœ๏ธ Try It Yourself โ€” ์—ฐ์Šต

Say each answer out loud first, then click to check.

1. Advise a friend "I think you'd better go to the doctor."

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๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.

2. Suggest "How about exercising in the evening?"

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์ €๋…์— ์šด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?

3. Say "Why don't you contact him first?"

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๋จผ์ € ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ๋ณด์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”?

4. Say "It's cold, so wear a coat."

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์ถ”์šฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ฝ”ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ž…์œผ์„ธ์š”. (not ์ถ”์›Œ์„œ โ€ฆ ์ž…์œผ์„ธ์š”)

5. Say "Since you're unwell, you'd better not go to work today."

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๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.

6. Tell a friend casually "Why don't you just say it honestly?"

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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜?