koreanhistory1-8, Exercise 3: How voluntary were the names? (a sample; yours will differ) Model answer: For "voluntary": notification began on a voluntary basis in February 1940; individual notification was possible; the article says some argue Koreans seeking to avoid discrimination chose Japanese-style names themselves. Against: governors were urged to take "special consideration" with registration of all households targeted for 20 July; statements opposing the policy were censored; reported consequences for refusers included dismissal, salary cuts, school suspension or expulsion, refused medical treatment and exclusion from welfare; households that did not notify were assigned a shi by law. The 80.3% (households notifying by 10 August 1940) shows how many households were registered, but not how many chose freely, since non-notifiers were assigned a shi by law. It also measures something different from the 9.6% (given-name changes in Korea) and 14.2% (individual shi in mainland Japan). A further source I would want: the original ordinance texts and local administrative records showing how notification was handled, and who ordered what.