eunion1-6, Exercise 2: Enlargements from 2004

Model answer:

2004: Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta and Cyprus join (25 members).
2007: Bulgaria and Romania (27).
2013: Croatia (28).
(2020: the UK leaves, bringing the total back to 27.)

Two effects of 2004 (any two): labour migration (new citizens gained the right to work elsewhere after transition periods; the UK, Ireland and Sweden opened their labour markets immediately); large regional funds flowing east for roads, railways and infrastructure; harder decision-making in a bigger Union (the Lisbon Treaty was partly an effort to adapt); and later rule-of-law disputes with some newer members.