hufilmtv1-6, Exercise 1: Animation as a bridge Model answer (check the details): Film side: animation was made in a studio, Pannonia, by teams of directors, designers and animators in the same state system as live-action film, and some work (Vuk) was a cinema feature. It was also sent to festivals and sold abroad, like films. Television side: most viewers saw animation on television, in series and in the short evening cartoon, so it shaped the habits and memories of the television audience and reached children far more widely than cinema did. Why it is a bridge: it belongs to both industries, and its production, audience and cultural meaning cross the boundary between them. It is also a case where the television audience, not cinema-goers, formed the central memory of the period.