defestival1-6, Exercise 1: Three summer festivals

Model answer (check each):

1. Schützenfest. Organised by a shooting club or brotherhood in a town or village. It celebrates the club and the community, with a king chosen by shooting. The clubs descend from medieval citizen militias, but the festival as a weekend parade and fair took its present form mainly in the 1800s (check).
2. Cannstatter Volksfest, Stuttgart. Organised by the city (check). It celebrates the harvest and the region, begun in 1818 under King Wilhelm I as a harvest and agricultural fair. A civic festival with a royal founding date, so about two hundred years old.
3. Wacken Open Air. Run by private organisers. It celebrates heavy-metal music and began in 1990 in a Schleswig-Holstein village. Little over thirty years old, but already a tradition for its fans.

Point: festivals are organised by clubs, towns or companies, and "how old" depends on whether you count the roots, the founding date or the present form.